Full Name and Common Aliases

Garry Kimovich Kasparov, born Garik Kimovich Weinstein, is widely known as Garry Kasparov. He is often referred to simply as "Kasparov" in the world of chess and beyond.

Birth and Death Dates

Garry Kasparov was born on April 13, 1963. As of the latest available information, he is alive and continues to be active in various fields.

Nationality and Profession(s)

Garry Kasparov is a Russian national, though he has also obtained Croatian citizenship. He is best known as a professional chess player, but his career extends into writing, politics, and activism. Kasparov is celebrated as one of the greatest chess players of all time and has made significant contributions as an author and political commentator.

Early Life and Background

Garry Kasparov was born in Baku, Azerbaijan SSR, then part of the Soviet Union. His father, Kim Moiseyevich Weinstein, was Jewish, and his mother, Klara Shagenovna Kasparova, was of Armenian descent. After his father's death when Garry was just seven, he adopted his mother's Armenian surname, Kasparov. His prodigious talent for chess became evident at a young age, and he was enrolled in the Young Pioneer Palace in Baku, where he received formal training. By the age of 10, Kasparov was studying at the Mikhail Botvinnik Soviet chess school, where his skills were honed under the guidance of some of the best chess minds of the time.

Major Accomplishments

Kasparov's chess career is marked by numerous achievements. He became the youngest ever undisputed World Chess Champion in 1985 at the age of 22 by defeating Anatoly Karpov. This victory marked the beginning of his dominance in the chess world, a reign that lasted until 2000. Kasparov held the official FIDE world title until 1993, when a dispute with FIDE led him to create a rival organization, the Professional Chess Association. He continued to be recognized as the world’s top player until his retirement from professional chess in 2005. Kasparov's peak rating of 2851, achieved in 1999, was the highest recorded until it was surpassed by Magnus Carlsen in 2013.

Notable Works or Actions

Beyond his chess career, Kasparov has authored several influential books, including "My Great Predecessors," a series that analyzes the games of past world champions, and "How Life Imitates Chess," which draws parallels between chess strategies and life decisions. His writings extend into political commentary, where he has been an outspoken critic of Vladimir Putin and the Russian government. Kasparov's political activism led him to run for the presidency of Russia in 2008, although his campaign faced significant obstacles. He is also a prominent human rights advocate and has been involved with various organizations promoting democracy and freedom.

Impact and Legacy

Garry Kasparov's impact on chess is profound. He revolutionized the game with his aggressive style and deep strategic understanding, inspiring a new generation of players. His matches, particularly against Anatoly Karpov, are considered some of the greatest in chess history. Kasparov's influence extends beyond the chessboard; his political activism and writings have made him a significant figure in global discussions on democracy and human rights. His work with the Kasparov Chess Foundation aims to promote chess as a tool for education and cognitive development worldwide.

Why They Are Widely Quoted or Remembered

Garry Kasparov is widely quoted and remembered for his unparalleled contributions to chess and his fearless stance on political issues. His insights into strategy, both in chess and in life, have made his quotes resonate with audiences far beyond the chess community. Kasparov's ability to articulate complex ideas in an accessible manner has cemented his status as a thought leader. His legacy as a chess champion, combined with his ongoing efforts to promote freedom and democracy, ensures that his words continue to inspire and provoke thought across various fields.